Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate: Covert Action and Internal Operations by Owen L. Sirrs

Author:Owen L. Sirrs [Sirrs, Owen L.]
Language: eng
Format: azw3, mobi
ISBN: 9781317196082
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd
Published: 2018-04-10T07:55:22.002031+00:00

Notes

1

H. Abbas, Pakistan’s Drift into Extremism, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2005, 365n20.

2

Ibid.

3

A. Jamal, Shadow War: The Untold Story of Jihad in Kashmir, Hoboken, NJ: Melville House, 2009, 112–114; B. Riedel, Deadly Embrace, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2011, 26; H. Haqqani, Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military, Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment, 2005, 273.

4

Jamal, Shadow War, op. cit., 109–114.

5

Ibid., 112–115.

6

Ibid., 123.

7

Ibid., 136–137, 142; Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 288; J.R. Schmidt, The Unraveling: Pakistan in the Age of Jihad, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011, 80–82.

8

Riedel, Deadly Embrace, op. cit., 26; N.C. Behera, Demystifying Kashmir, Washington, DC: Brookings, 2006, 148.

9

Quoted in Jamal, Shadow War, op. cit., 125–126.

10

Behera, Demystifying Kashmir, op. cit., 148.

11

Jamal, Shadow War, op. cit., 125–126; O.B. Jones, Pakistan, op. cit., 87.

12

Riedel, Deadly Embrace, op. cit., 26; I. Gul, The Unholy Nexus, Lahore: Vanguard, 2002, 69; Jamal, Shadow War, op. cit., 126–127.

13

Quoted in A. Levy and C. Scott-Clark, The Meadow: Kashmir 1995 – Where the Terror Began, London, Harper Press, 2012, 88–89.

14

Abbas, Pakistan’s Drift, op. cit., 141–142; Levy and Scott-Clark, Meadow, op. cit., 84–85, 89; Jamal, Shadow Wars, op. cit., 129, 154.

15

S.P. Kapur and S. Ganguly, “The Jihad Paradox: Pakistan and Islamist Militancy in South Asia,” International Security 37: 1, Summer 2012, 11–141.

16

I. Akhund, Trial and Error: The Advent and Eclipse of Benazir Bhutto, Karachi: OUP, 2000, 207–208; V. Schofield, Kashmir in Conflict, London, I.B. Tauris, 2003, 139.

17

Riedel, Deadly Embrace, op. cit., 39.

18

Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 287–288.

19

A. Shah, The Army and Democracy, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014, 158.

20

Quoted in A. Levy and C. Scott-Clark, Nuclear Deception: The Dangerous Relationship Between the United States and Pakistan, New York: Walker & Co., 2008, 182.

21

R.G. Wirsing, Kashmir in the Shadow of War, London: M.E. Sharpe, 2003, 160.

22

O.B. Jones, Pakistan, op. cit., 83; S. Sahni, Kashmir Underground, New Delhi: Har Anand, 1999, 54.

23

Gul, Unholy Nexus, op. cit., 69; J.R. Schmidt, The Unraveling: Pakistan in the Age of Jihad, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011, 81–82; P. Tomsen, The Wars of Afghanistan, New York: PublicAffairs, 2011, 359, 424; S. Coll, Ghost Wars, New York: Penguin, 2004, 410.

24

Quoted in Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 289–290.

25

Ibid.

26

Levy and Scott-Clark, Meadow, op. cit., 82; Jamal, Shadow War, op. cit., 149–150; Sahni, Kashmir, op. cit., 366, 399.

27

Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 290; M.A. Zahab, and O. Roy, Islamist Networks: The Afghan-Pakistan Connection, New York: Columbia University Press, 2006, 53–54.

28

Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 288–289.

29

Ibid., 138; S. Coll, Grand Trunk Road, New York: Penguin, 2009, 173.

30

Tomsen, Wars, op. cit., 520; Zahab and Roy, Islamist Networks, op. cit., 53–54.

31

Riedel, Deadly Embrace, op. cit., 32; J.-L. Bruguière, Ce Que Je N’ai Pas Pu Dire, Paris: Editions Robert Lafont, 2009, 465–466; Z. Hussain, Frontline: The Struggle with Militant Islam, New York: Columbia University Press, 2007, 55; A. Tellis, “Pakistan Simply Sees no Reason to Stop Supporting Terrorists,” http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/Pakistan-and-afghanistan-end-game-%E2%80%93-part-ii [accessed 21/3/2010]; Haqqani, Pakistan, op. cit., 287–288; Abbas, Pakistan’s Drift, op. cit., 214.

32

P.C. Joshi, Main Intelligence Outfits of Pakistan, New Delhi: Anmol Publications, 2008, 242–243.

33

L. Napoleoni, Modern Jihad, London: Pluto Press, 2003, 82–83, 91; A. Mir, “FBI Sees ISI Heroin Trail,” Weekly Independent, 6 December 2001, 1; S.

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